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Term	Definition
AE-L	Auto exposure lock. Locks the exposure setting in Program, Aperture, and Shutter priority modes allowing photographers to recompose without losing their set exposure.
AF-A Focus Mode	Auto Focus Auto, an auto focus mode that jumps back between AF-S and AF-C modes depending on the situation determined by the camera.
AF-C Focus Mode	Auto Focus continious. Focus is constantly being checked and adjusted. Good to use when taking picture of a moving object.
AF-S	Auto Focus - Silent Wave. This denotes that a Nikon lens has an internal focussing motor, powered electronically by the camera's batteries, that uses ultra sonic waves to focus the lens. Similar to Canon's USM (Ultra Sonic Motor) focussing system, this provides very fast and very quiet focussing. Full time manual focus override is possible allowing the photographer to minutely adjust focus manually immedietly after auto focus witout having to flip a switch to change from AF to MF. Auto focus on Nikon D40, D40X, and D60 cameras are only possible when used with AF-S lenses since they lack a motor drive to power older non AF-S lenses.
AF-S Focus Mode	Auto Focus single. Focus is adjusted only once until the next half shutter press or af button press. Good for non moving objects and generally static scenes.
Aperture	A hole or opening (usually of a lens) through which light is admitted. Generally speaking, a larger opening will allow more light to pass through, however it will give you shallower depth of field. A smaller opening, on the other hand, will limit the amount of light that passes through but it will give you a larger depth of field.
Aperture Priority	A camera mode where the photographer chooses and controls the aperture (and ISO) while the camera calculates the appropriate shutter speed.
Auto Focus	A feature that allows an optical system (such as cameras, camcorders, and video recorders) to obtain focus (and with some cameras, maintain focus) without requiring the operator (in this case the photographer) to adjust focus manually.
Bionz	The trademark name of Sony's image processing system.
Bokeh	The photograpic term referring to te appearance of out of focus areas in an image.
Bounce Flash	The technique of bouncing flash off of large objects such as walls and ceilings to provide a more diffused light source.
Bulb Mode	Allows photographers to fully control long exposure times (>30s). One shutter or remote press for the opening of the shutter and another shutter or remote press for the closing of the shutter.
Cable Release	A wired camera remote that allows a photographer to control the shutter, bulb, and AF from a distance.
Camera	Light capturing device that captures images as either still photographs or as sequences of moving images (video cameras, camcorders).
CF Card	CompactFlash card. A mass storage device format, typically uses flash memory in a standardized enclosure. Popular storage format for dSLRs.
Chromatic Aberration	Color fringing in high contrast areas. Usually more prominent in cheaper, consumer grade lenses as well as fast primes (>F2), and also when shooting "wide open" or close to a lens' maximum aperture.
Continuous Shutter	A drive mode option of a camera that allows a rapid succession of exposures.
Crop	To give an image or a field of view another aspect ratio, or to remove portions of an image. Some cameras are referred to as crop cameras because they provide a cropped field of view when referrenced to the 35mm standard.
Depth of Field	The portion of a scene that appears sharp in the image. Depth of field has five determining factors. The aperture used, the focal length used, the distance from medium to subject, the distance from subject to background, and the size of the medium.
DI II	Tamron lenses designed specifically for digital SLR cameras with cropped sensors.
Diffuser	An accessory usually fitted on top or around a flash to help diffuse the light emitted.
Digic	Also known as DIG!C (Digital Imaging Core), Canon's proprietary application-specific integrated circuit designed for high speed signal-processing and control operations inside Canon cameras and camcorders.
DX	Denotes Nikon's 1.5x crop format.
ED	Denotes extra-low dispersion glass elements inside a lens to help combat chromatic aberrations even when shooting "wide open".
EF	Electronic Focus. Lenses denoted with EF work with all Canon EOS bodies.
EF-S	Electronic Focus - short back focus. Lenses denoted with EF-S work only with 1.6x Canon EOS crop bodies.
EXPEED	Nikon's digital image-processing technology.
Exposure	Total amount of light allowed to fall on a photographic medium during the process of taking a photograph. Controlled by three primary factors, aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.
Filter	A camera accessory consisting of an optical filter that is inserted into the optical path. There are many different types that provide different things such as protection, color saturation, glare reduction, enhancing of certain colors, reducing amount of light admitted, etc.
Flash	Instantaneous flash of artificial light with a temperature of about 5500 K used to help illuminate a scene.
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Definition